CARDIOLOGY · 6 ARTICLES
Cardiology
Cardiovascular conditions — hypertension, arrhythmias, and palpitations. Articles on autonomic-nervous-system modulation and treatment options.
CEIMEC REVIEW · ONGOING EDITORIAL CURATION
Featured article · 15 min
Intermittent Claudication: Clinical Evaluation and Management
Understand intermittent claudication — leg pain on walking caused by peripheral arterial disease, its mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment options.
15 MIN · CEIMEC REVIEW
Full archive · Cardiology
5 articles02
Raynaud Disease: Diagnosis and Therapeutic Options
Understand Raynaud disease — a vasomotor disorder that causes episodes of digital vasospasm in response to cold or stress, its pathophysiologic mechanisms, differential diagnosis, and evidence-based treatments.
14 min
03Hypertension (Stage 1): Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment
Understand systemic arterial hypertension — the leading modifiable cardiovascular risk factor, its hemodynamic and neurohumoral mechanisms, diagnosis, and evidence-based treatments.
16 min
04Orthostatic Hypotension: Clinical Evaluation and Management
Understand orthostatic hypotension — an excessive drop in blood pressure on standing that affects up to 20% of older adults, its reflex mechanisms, diagnosis, and evidence-based treatments.
14 min
05Chronic Venous Insufficiency: Diagnosis and Therapeutic Options
Understand chronic venous insufficiency — the impaired return of venous blood from the lower limbs, causing edema, pain, varicose veins, and skin changes.
15 min
06Benign Palpitations: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment
Understand benign palpitations — the conscious perception of heartbeats that affects up to 16% of the population, their electrophysiologic mechanisms, how to distinguish them from dangerous arrhythmias, and evidence-based treatments.
14 min